Method of manufacturing bolts.



. the xstey bolts. are employed;

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pecicetou o! Letters Eetmt.

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sobr, e citizenof etes, dent of New orl -Quietly o Non orlfz,

State ofNewiorlne-ve invented en in )rovernent in Methos o?Manufacturing olts, of which the following is a. speeica- Y tion.

My invention 'has reference to methods of manufacturing bolts sindconsists of certa-in improvements whio`nere ullv setforth in theffollowingspecifioation enti shown in the 'accompanying drawings whichform e part thereot` The objeoto nl? invention is `to Error-idle econstruction di Ae sta-y bolt -or steers b'oilere und bolt. for otherpurposes whieh. shall embody greet.teneileSstrength coupled withelasticity whereby the bolt may adept 'itself in use to the-roquently'ourring changes in stress Vdue to expansion enf-l.oontreotion of. the re box sheets-, tnbesjor. other parte of 'theboiler or other'epperatus' in'wliicli My invention consists of themethod hereinafter .described for makig'e stay bolt formed of'a solidrod ofsteel or other metal .having -adg'stinetl fibrous 'struetureinwhich. thebers' run longitudinally of the bolt and preferably twistedinto helical .inforged and artly nished condition; enel .Fig. 9 an ebolt, f

A A represent a' large number of steel wires laid together or bent uponthemselves as'at B. The Wires` may be leent over upon ovation of thefinished .s tny themselves a nuinbenof timi if so desired' l one of suchbends being suiiioient for illus-A tration. .The series of fibrousparallel strands-so arranged may be then brought to' a welding heat andsubjected to compression by any ofthe well known metbos, such as beround or of any geometinclusive, In the casos of those' @ross sectionsWhxeli ere not round, there may be n series of outer longltudiiml-massesfree-entes Ang. o, 1912,

or compression in diesu'@ i of tlie fibrous bar thus ,non es shown, forexample, in

l'l of maximum raclii with interposed dev 'pressed portions'D of minimumradii so as to give more elasticity to the Stay'bolt in its eomple'tedform. The oer so formed 'will be exceedingly tough sind strong and 4-ofla.-

lzigbly '-bfous chereef'er,"tlie beingr' longitudinally errangerl andoolieringsoas to give greet elasticity to transverseor tor.- sionelstrains coupleeiwith great strength against rupture in tbedireetion ofthe length l of the bolt. I-brave disclosed what-[believe to be theliest method of preparin'givthe' .fibrous ber from which the stayboltsf-a're to be mede,-but .I do 'not restriotor-onne. myself to thisor any method -ofprepafring sind the opde upseiinto cylindrical formv'the -ibrou'sbar so long as the nishedbur'gis n solid and homogenousancil-withestrongly-1'E 'so fforniedmey be out into-definite. lengthswof greater cross section than 'the interme4`l dia-te or ooy portion esindieated' iniFig'l'S in which G is the body ortion end F-YF. the upsetend portions.

bolt into plee-e The body portion moy then stf ne of these end j Yportions may be provided 'with s, squgrefboss H or otherwise formed forreceiving a. wrench or suitable tool for screwing the form, the twist etthe surface extending .Y preferably through Adegrees. This helieel twistof the fbers will usually be' some?- whet more extended et anti near thesrfa anni more especially of the parts .t2-.1E greatest vredii 'thanattlie more oepseetedpotions, I but as the letter sie bound mendprotectedgl'o by the outer portions, it is more necessary to give toseul outer g rtons the-proper yvhen'the body bems the tendency 'is torelieve the tension upon one portion of the! length lofeny ber whileputting strain upon enother portion thereof and vice versa so that thetotal length of me; bersm'aking iid up the body portion is notmaterially altered under any normal strains. Moreover, it is evidentthat as the greatest stress under bending comes upon the fibers nearestthe surface such is compensated for by the reater helical twist given tothese bers. Vhile the best form of the body is one in which the bers areso arranged that any nber is preferably at approximately uniformdistance from the center throughout its length, it is evident that thiscondition may be modified by intertwisting of the fibers which mayintentionally or unintentionally -occur in the preparation of thefibrous bar.

Then the stay bolt is prepared in the form abovedescribed the upset endsare screw threaded so as to be capable of being screwed into the steelsheets to be connected.

preliminary to being made steam or Water tight by riveting or Hangingout the ends into heads in the customary manner. The completed stay boltready for use is shown in Fig. 9 in which-I indicates the helicaltwist-ing of the fibers of the body and J J the screwthreaded ends. Thecross section of the body part shown in Figs. 8 and 9 is indicated ascircular butmay be of any otherA section such for example as in Figs. 3to 7' inclusive. The stay bolt may be made ot steel, iron, bronze orother metal, and if of steel, may be tempered, if so desired:`

In this application I do not make claim to the bolt structure, as,thatis reserved for a separate application. Y

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

l. rlhe herein described method of making a bolt which consists inorminga fibrous bar bywelding together and densifyinga plurality ofwires of small cross section into a solid bar upsetting the ends of thebar into 4a greater cross section than the intermediate portion of thebar, twisting the bar upon itself, and cutting screw threads upon theupset welded ends. Y

2. The method of making a bolt which consists in placing together alarge number of parallel wires of small cross section, heating the saidwires to a welding temperature and welding them throughout their lengthinto a solid -bar whereby it has a strongly developed longitudinallibrous composition, and finally rolling or drawing the welded bar tothe desired cross section and density from the center outward andthroughout its length.

3. The method of making a bolt which consists in placing together alarge number of parallel wires of small cross sect-ion, heating the saidwires to a Welding temperature and welding them into a solid bar wherebyit has a strongly developed longitudinal fibrous composition, finallyrolling or drawing the welded bar to the desired cross section anddensity from the center outward, increasing'the diameter of the ends byupsetting, and screw threading said upset ends.

4. The method of making a bolt which, consists 'of parallel wires ofsmall cross section, heatin placing together a large number ing the saidWires to a welding temperature l and Welding them throughout theirlength into a solid bar whereby ithas a strongly developed longitudinalfibrous composition from' the center outward, densifying the barby-reducing its cross section byrolling or

